









|
|
|
Clidastes
|
Clidastes is an extinct genus of mosasaur
lizard from marine environments of the Late Cretaceous. Clidastes
was an agile and fast swimmer that hunted in the surface or shallow
waters. It was the smallest of the mosasaurs, averaging
2-4 meters (7-12 feet) in length, with the largest specimens reaching
6.2 meters (20 feet) long. It possessed a delicate and slim form
with an expansion of the neural spines and chevrons near the tip
of the tail and this enabled it to chase down the fastest of prey.
|
|
|
Globidens
|
Globidens was 6 meters (20 ft) in
length and in appearance very much like other mosasaurs. However
its teeth were vastly different from other mosasaurs, as they
were globular suggesting it may have specialised in armored prey
like small turtles, ammonites, nautili, and bivalves. Like its
larger relative, Mosasaurus, Globidens had a
robustly built skull with tightly-articulating jaws. Such features
no doubt played a large role in its ability to penetrate the armor
of its shelled prey.
|
|
|
Kronosaurus 
|
Kronosaurus ("Lizard of Kronos")
is an extinct genus of short-necked pliosaur. It was among the
largest pliosaurs, and is appropriately named after the leader
of the Greek Titans, Kronos.
|
|
|
Liopleurodon
|
Liopleurodon is a genus of large,
carnivorous marine reptile belonging to the Pliosauroidea, a clade
of short-necked plesiosaurs. Four strong paddle-like limbs suggest
that Liopleurodon was a powerful swimmer. Its four-flipper
mode of propulsion is characteristic of all plesiosaurs. A study
involving a swimming robot has demonstrated that although this
form of propulsion is not especially efficient, it provides very
good acceleration - a desirable trait in an ambush predator. Studies
of the skull have shown that it could probably scan the water
with its nostrils to ascertain the source of certain smells.
|
|
|
Mosasaurus
|
Mosasaurus was a genus of mosasaur,
a carnivorous, aquatic lizard, somewhat resembling a flippered
crocodile, with elongated heavy jaws. The genus lived in the Maastrichtian
age of the Cretaceous period (Mesozoic era), around 70-65 millions
years ago in the area of modern Western Europe. Mosasaurus
was among the last mosasaur genera, and among the largest. The
skull was more robustly built than other mosasaurs, as the mandibles
articulated very tightly with the skull. It had a deep, barrel-shaped
body, and with its fairly large eyes, poor binocular vision, and
poorly developed olfactory bulbs, experts believe that Mosasaurus
lived near the ocean surface, where it preyed on fish, turtles,
ammonites, and possibly smaller mosasaurs. The animal remained
near the surface and although it was able to dive, it evidentially
did not venture into deeper waters.
|
|
|
Platecarpus
|
Platecarpus is an extinct genus of
aquatic lizard belonging to the mosasaur family, living around
75 million years ago during the end of the Cretaceous period.
Fossils have been found in Belgium and the United States. Like
other mosasaurs, Platecarpus had a long, laterally flattened
tail, steering flippers, and deadly, tooth-lined jaws. It was
around 4.3 metres (14 ft) long, with half of that length being
taken up by its sinuous tail. It probably swam in a snake-like
fashion. Platecarpus probably fed on fish, squid, and
ammonites. They were medium sized animals, reaching about 7 metres
(23 ft) in length.
|
|
|
Trinacromerum
|
Trinacromerum is an extinct genus
of sauropterygian reptile belonging to the plesiosaur suborder.
It lived during the Late Cretaceous period in what is now Kansas.
It was 3 meters (10 feet) long. Its teeth show it fed on small
fish. The long flippers of Trinacromerum enabled it to
achieve high swimming speeds. Its physical appearance was described
by Richard Ellis as akin to a "four-flippered penguin."
|
|
|
Tylosaurus
|
Tylosaurus was a mosasaur, a large,
predatory marine lizard closely related to modern monitor lizards
and to snakes. Along with plesiosaurs, sharks, fish, and other
genera of mosasurs, it was a dominant predator of the Western
Interior Seaway during the Late Cretaceous. A distinguishing characteristic
of Tylosaurus is its elongated, cylindrical premaxilla
(snout) from which it takes its name and which may have been used
to ram and stun prey and also in intraspecific combat. Stomach
contents associated with specimens of Tylosaurus proriger
indicate that this ferocious mosasaur had a varied diet, including
fish, sharks, smaller mosasaurs, plesiosaurs, and flightless diving
birds such as Hesperornis. In some paleoenvironments,
Tylosaurus seems to have preferred shallow, nearshore
waters, while favoring deeper water farther out from shore in
other environments.
|
|
|
|
|